Bilberry
General
Bilberries, also known as European blueberries, are the most economically important wild berry in Northern Europe, and are extensively used in juice and food production.1
Description
Bilberries are small dark, round fruit from a low-lying shrub. Their flesh inside is dark red with juice that easily stains the skin.
Classification
Bilberries, Vaccinium myrtillus L., are from the same genus as commercial blueberries.2
Habitat/distribution
Commercial blueberries are native to North America, whereas bilberries are native to Europe, North America and parts of north and central Asia. They grow in coniferous forests, moors and meadows.2
Nutrients
The red–purple–blue coloration of blueberries is attributed largely to the anthocyanins found in bilberries. Anthocyanins, known for their potent biological activity as antioxidants, have a significant involvement in the prophylaxis of cancer or other diseases, including those of metabolic origin. The seeds and oils also contain natural antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anticancer compounds, such as tocochromanols, carotenoids, flavonoids, phytosterols, and phenolic acids.1
Anti-nutrients
Toxicants
Production
Preparation & Storage
Contraindications
